Drug companies could save millions thanks to a new technology to monitor crystals as they form. The technique, developed by University of Leeds (UK) engineers, is a potentially invaluable tool in drug manufacture, where controlling crystal forms is crucial both to cost and product safety. Most drug compounds are crystalline, and their structure can affect both their physical attributes and their performance. Changes to these structures are often caused by undetected fluctuations in processing. “If you were to use a pencil to write on glass you wouldn’t get very far, but use a diamond and you could write your name. Yet both are pure forms of carbon. It’s the same with different solid forms of the same drug; they can have completely different properties,” says Dr. Robert Hammond, who leads the research team. “Drug molecules are becoming increasingly complex and the challenges involved in processing them means that it is not always possible to successfully produce the desired form reliably. That’s why there’s such enormous potential for our system. We’re now able to look at crystals as they are forming in a reactor, something that has never been done before.” The new technology identifies and monitors changes in crystal structures on-line, providing a method of ensuring production of the desired drug compounds. Called polymorphism, changes in crystal structure during processing can lead to huge delays in bringing drugs to market, costing drug companies dearly. It can also lead to challenges to intellectual property protection. In fact, a number of high-profile patent challenges have been brought against companies making an established formulation using a different polymorph. “It’s an enormous problem for drug companies,” Hammond observes. The technology developed at Leeds is based on the “gold standard” method for monitoring crystal structures — powder X-ray diffraction, the primary tool for studying polymorphs. “There’s enormous commercial potential for this technology. For example it could be developed to work at manufacturing plant scales and can be applied to specialty chemical industries as well,” Hammond says. “We’re interested in talking to pharmaceutical and specialty chemical companies that can help us drive this forward.” Go to: EurekAlert

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